What type of deficits may lead to memory and retrieval issues in math facts?

Procedural learning deficits refer to challenges in acquiring the steps or processes required to perform tasks automatically. In the context of math facts, these deficits can hinder a student's ability to memorize and quickly retrieve mathematical information, such as basic addition or multiplication facts. When students struggle with procedural learning, they may not be able to internalize the sequences involved in solving math problems, which can lead to difficulties in recalling these facts efficiently during calculations. This affects their overall mathematical performance, particularly in situations where quick responses are needed.

Other types of deficits, such as visual-spatial deficits or language learning disabilities, may impact a student's understanding of mathematical concepts or their ability to interpret mathematical problems, but they do not directly relate to the automatic retrieval of math facts. Mathematical intelligence may influence a student’s overall capability in math, yet it is not necessarily linked to the specific memory and retrieval issues associated with procedural learning deficits.